The oscillation phenomenon of the numerical control system has become a common problem of the numerical control full-closed system. Especially in the horizontal Z-axis with column and the B-axis of the rotary CNC table, the system has a high frequency of oscillation. This problem has become one of the important factors affecting the normal use and height of CNC equipment.
1. Analysis of the causes of oscillation
There are many reasons for the oscillation. In addition to the mechanical non-removable transmission gap, elastic deformation, frictional resistance and other factors, the influence of the relevant parameters of the servo system is also an important aspect.
The servo system has the distinction of AC and DC. This paper mainly discusses the oscillation caused by the influence of parameters on the DC servo system. Most CNC machine tools use a full-closed mode, and the control schematic is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of mechanical speed feedback control
It can be seen from Fig. 4 that the elastic mechanism between the motor and the table may be deformed, and the position detection mainly comes from the position encoder, and the speed feedback is directly from the motor encoder. From the perspective of the entire closed-loop process, the position feedback in the full closed loop lags behind other speed links due to the deformation of the mechanical elastic device, causing the system to oscillate.
If the mechanical speed feedback link is added according to Fig. 4, the mechanical speed lag is compensated, thereby achieving the effect of eliminating the oscillation. For example, for the FANUCO-C system, setting the parameter P8421#l to 1 enables the mechanical speed feedback device. Then set other related parameters according to the requirements, which can be adjusted by referring to the system parameter specification.
The above mainly discusses several basic methods for eliminating the oscillation failure of the numerical control system. The parameters can be optimized according to different systems. The main reason is to understand the cause of the oscillation in order to adopt the corresponding elimination method to adjust, and do not blindly modify the parameters, so as not to affect the stability and reliability of the entire system.
3. Conclusion
This paper discusses several common methods to eliminate numerical control oscillation faults. Various control links have detailed control theory to ensure the stability and reliability of the control system, effectively eliminate the oscillation problem and improve production efficiency. Of course, there are still some problems in some control links, and we need to continue to deepen our understanding and resolution in the future.
The numerical control system oscillation problem is a common fault in the debugging or running of CNC machine tools. For the production process, the fault problem is handled in time to ensure the normal operation of the production. At the same time, it is necessary to maintain the key points for the imported processing center. For the common oscillation problem, it takes a long time to accumulate and rationally judge the problem to achieve effective maintenance and maintenance. Therefore, different diagnostic methods are needed for various CNC systems, and effective troubleshooting measures are developed according to the characteristics of the CNC system to improve production operation capability and ensure processing efficiency.
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