**Self-Made Capacitor Boost Circuit Schematic (1)**
The circuit shown below is a self-made capacitor boost circuit. The integrated circuit IC1 acts as a timer, with its output frequency determined by the external components R2 and C1. The timing pulses from pin 3 of IC1 are sent to the clock input terminal of the counter IC2. IC2 is configured as a six-stage counter, distributing the pulse train from IC1's CLK terminal sequentially to Q0 through Q5. Transistors V1 through V5 are used to charge capacitors C3 through C7, while transistors V6 and V7 discharge these charged capacitors. Since each capacitor is charged to the same voltage, the output provides a DC voltage approximately five times the original charging voltage.
The power supply for this circuit has two parts: one supplies 9V for IC1 and IC2, which consume very little current. The other part provides a charging voltage between 3V and 12V for capacitors C3 to C7. This allows the output terminal (OUT) to produce a DC voltage of around 15V to 50V, depending on the selected configuration. You can choose the appropriate voltage level based on your needs.
During the counting process, IC2 sequentially activates V1 to V5, allowing capacitors C3 to C7 to be charged through diodes D1 to D5. When IC2 reaches the Q5 stage, both V6 and V7 turn on, enabling the capacitors' stored voltages to be combined through the collector-emitter junction of V7. This results in a DC output of about five times the charging voltage at the OUT terminal. Each cycle of IC2’s counting causes capacitors C3 to C7 to be charged and discharged once, resulting in a pulsed output at the OUT terminal. After being smoothed and filtered by capacitor C8, the output becomes a stable DC voltage. The higher the counting frequency of IC2, the smoother the output voltage. Therefore, adjusting the frequency of IC1 can improve the quality of the output voltage.
This circuit is designed for a five-fold voltage boost but can be modified to provide 2-8 times voltage depending on the application. By configuring IC2 as a 2-8 frequency divider, you can charge 2-8 capacitors via the corresponding transistors. The final voltage is discharged through the last transistor, producing the desired output at the OUT terminal. When the output voltage is high, it’s important to ensure that capacitors C3 to C8 have sufficient voltage ratings, especially C8, to prevent breakdown.
**Component Selection**
In the schematic, V1 to V5 are preferably Darlington transistors, and the resistors should be 1/8W carbon film types. The 9V power supply for IC1 and IC2 can be provided by a 9V battery or another suitable source.
**Circuit Assembly and Testing**
ICs should be mounted using an IC socket to make testing and replacement easier. Ensure that the polarity of all capacitors is correct before powering the circuit. Once assembled, carefully inspect the circuit before applying power. It usually works without additional adjustments after power-on.
This circuit can also be used to boost the internal power supply of certain devices. Voltage doubler and boost circuits offer advantages in portable electronics because they eliminate the need for bulky transformers, replacing them with ICs and capacitors. This reduces weight and improves efficiency. The circuit includes a pulse oscillator, a frequency divider, a transistor switching network, a storage capacitor, and an isolation diode.
**Self-Made Capacitor Boost Circuit Schematic (2)**
A gate-based voltage doubler circuit can provide high voltage for various electronic devices. While the output current is limited, it serves as an economical and convenient power source for circuits requiring high voltage without large current draw. The circuit diagram is shown below.
(a) Voltage doubler; (b) 5x voltage boost.
**Self-Made Capacitor Boost Circuit Schematic (3)**
The following diagram shows a ten-fold voltage boost circuit using crystal diodes and capacitors. It can be used in applications such as ozone generators or combustion aids.
**Self-Made Capacitor Boost Circuit Schematic (4)**
When the circuit is unpowered, the output level is 0V.
After power is applied, the +5V_ALWP charges capacitors C710, C722, C715, and C719 through pin 1 of D32. At this point, the voltage across the capacitors is as shown. The actual output voltage of the +15V_ALWP port is 5V.
When the Y pin of U64 outputs a square wave with a 5V amplitude, during the first 5V phase:
1. The voltage across C715 remains at 5V on the left and rises to 10V on the right. Current then flows through D35 to charge C719 to 10V.
2. Simultaneously, the 5V Y output charges C710, raising its voltage to 10V on the right side. Current then flows through D32 to charge C722 to 10V.
At this point, the +15V_ALWP output is at 10V.
When the Y pin of U64 goes to 0V for the first time:
1. The voltage across C715 drops to 0V on the left and 5V on the right. C722, now at 10V, charges C715 to 7.5V. However, due to the reverse bias of D32, C719 does not discharge into C715.
2. Similarly, C710 is at 0V on the left and 5V on the right, while C722 remains at 7.5V.
After several cycles, the voltage across C715 increases to 10V. When Y returns to 5V, the right end of C715 reaches 15V. Throughout this process, C715 continues to charge C719 through D35. Eventually, the +15V_ALWP output reaches 15V.
**Self-Made Capacitor Boost Circuit Schematic (5)**
This boost circuit uses only four components to achieve an infinite voltage boost. The principle is illustrated in Figure 1, where the circuit is connected to an AC power supply with peak voltage E, as shown in Figure 2.
The charging and discharging processes of capacitors C1 and C2 at different time intervals are represented in Figures 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d. At t1, the power supply charges C2 to E via D1. At t2, the power supply and C2 together charge C1 to 2E. At t3, the power supply and C1 charge C2 to 3E. At t4, the power supply and C2 charge C1 to 4E. As this process continues, the voltages on C1 and C2 increase by E at each step. During this time, the voltage drop across C1 and C2 is compensated by D2 and D1, respectively.
In practice, the boosted voltage can be taken from either C1 or C2. For details, refer to Figure 4. The capacitance values of C1 and C2 should be chosen based on the load current to meet the boosting requirements. It is crucial not to leave the load open during operation, as this could cause overvoltage and damage the capacitors.
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