The Internet of Things (IoT) has different definitions depending on the object being discussed. It covers many applications of life-from connected homes and cities, to connected cars and roads, to devices that track personal behavior, and to use the collected data to broadcast new services. Some analysts expect that by 2025, more than one trillion devices will be connected via the Internet, and mobile phones will be defined as the eyes and ears that connect all these connected device applications. In addition, some analysts are optimistic about Google's Augmented Reality (Augmented Reality) smart glasses and a series of devices that have not yet appeared.
Searching for keywords related to the Internet of Things on the Internet, you can find that the word wisdom has been overused. So, when consumers say that an item has a smart function, what does it really mean?
IoT applications are diverse
The old-style toaster in the home that mechanically controls the color of the toast can now be added with a microcontroller (MCU) to change the color of the toast through the MCU. The new toaster can complete tasks more consistently and reliably, and present messages electronically with the user through a touch panel or switch. After a device integrates embedded processing capabilities and has smart functions, the next step is to use this smart device for remote communication to make life easier.
The following describes the application types related to the Internet of Things. Although hundreds of application types have been ordered in different industries (Figure 1), these types can be categorized in a simple and logical manner.
Figure 1 The Internet of Things represents different meanings for everyone.
The first category includes millions of heterogeneous and "cognitive" interconnected components that interact with other machines / objects, infrastructure, and external environments through an identity recognition (ID) system. In such applications, the Internet of Things plays a role of remote tracking, command, and control to a large extent. In terms of all aspects of the Internet of Things, safety and reliability are the most important. These applications are not about the collection of personal behavior data (such as pervasive monitoring), but the expansion of machine-to-machine (M2M) and machine-to-foundation that help simplify people's lives Facilities (M2I) and machines to nature (M2N) communication automation.
The second category is about how to use the data collected by terminal nodes (smart devices with perception and connection capabilities) to explore the trends and behaviors that can produce effective market information, so as to develop more commodities. However, the question now is how far can data exploration go? Application examples include consumer shopping and tracking behavior in shopping malls-which aisle did consumers shop in? In which commodity areas do you spend the most time? It even records which products consumers pick up.
This article will focus on the first category of applications--especially the technologies and equipment needed to enable the Internet of Things to achieve tracking, command, control, and routing purposes.
Remote tracking / monitoring and control and routing
Remote tracking / monitoring and "command, control and routing" functions added as needed can achieve tasks that are currently performed manually or require more infrastructure. For example, most households currently turn on / off electric lights manually, set the temperature range of air conditioners, and turn on / off washing machines. In the future, doors, windows, power sockets, electrical appliances, and many other types of independent devices will become smart devices with individual identities, which can be connected through wired or wireless communication, allowing users to monitor themselves remotely with a laptop or mobile phone s home.
Asset tracking / logistics monitoring
The current asset tracking is done through barcodes and various manual steps, but in the future, this feature will make full use of smart tags, near field communication (NFC) and radio frequency identification systems (RFID), in the global interactive Track various objects.
This is the use of various sensors (whether or not have the ability to start) to monitor and provide information so that the transportation process can be controlled remotely. It's like using a camera to locate boxes of various sizes on a conveyor belt, so that the labeling machine can correctly label the boxes on the boxes.
Resource allocation and optimization
The smart energy market provides an ideal case for such applications. The term smart energy has been used in various situations, but it basically refers to receiving information about energy consumption and optimizing resource allocation and usage in response to changes in information.
Background cognitive automation and decision optimization
This type of application is the most attractive because it refers to monitoring unknown factors (environment and interaction between equipment and infrastructure, etc.), and the machine makes the most human-like decisions, even smarter. For example, an implantable sensing node can continuously track the physiological indicators of elderly patients and send an emergency signal when the output is abnormal. Or if the patient does not respond to the medicine taken, the node can automatically dial an emergency number to the emergency contact. If there is no response, it will then contact the second-ranked contact. Finally, if no contact can be found , The node will quickly contact the monitoring clinic.
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