Analysis: LED heat generation causes

The increase in the temperature of the chip enhances the non-radiative recombination and further weakens the luminous efficiency. Because people think that high-power LEDs have no heat, in fact, there are. A lot of heat, so that problems occur during use. In addition, many people who use high-power LEDs for the first time do not know how to solve the heat problem effectively, which makes product reliability a major problem. So, is there any heat generated by the LED? How much heat can it generate? How much heat does the LED generate?

Under the forward voltage, the electrons obtain energy from the power source. Under the driving of the electric field, the electric field of the PN junction is overcome, and the N region transitions to the P region. These electrons recombine with the holes in the P region. Since the free electrons drifting to the P region have higher energy than the electrons of the P region, the electrons return to the low energy state when recombined, and the excess energy is released in the form of photons. The wavelength at which the photons are emitted is related to the energy difference Eg. It can be seen that the illuminating region is mainly near the PN junction, and the luminescence is the result of the release of energy by the recombination of electrons and holes. A semiconductor diode, in which electrons encounter resistance throughout the journey from the semiconductor region to the semiconductor region. Simply from the principle, the physical structure of the semiconductor diode is simply from the principle, the physical structure of the semiconductor diode is equal to the electrons emitted from the negative electrode and the number of electrons returning to the positive electrode. In a common diode, in the recombination of electron-hole pairs, the photon spectrum released is not in the visible range due to the difference in energy level Eg.

When electrons are inside the diode, power is consumed due to the presence of resistance. The power consumed is in accordance with the basic laws of electronics:

P=I2R=I2(RN++RP)+IVTH

Where: RN is the N-area resistor

VTH is the turn-on voltage of the PN junction

RP is the P area resistor

The heat generated by the power consumed is:

Q=Pt

Where: t is the time when the diode is energized.

In essence, the LED is still a semiconductor diode. Therefore, when the LED is working in the forward direction, its working process conforms to the above description. The electric power it consumes is:

PLED=ULED×ILED

Where: ULED is the forward voltage across the LED source:

ILED is the current flowing through the LED

These consumed electrical power is converted into heat release:

Q=PLED×t

Where: t is the power-on time

In fact, the energy released by the electrons in the P region and the holes are not directly supplied by the external power source, but because the electrons are in the N region, when there is no external electric field, its energy level is better than that of the P region. The valence electron energy level is higher than Eg. When it reaches the P region, it recombines with the holes to become the valence electrons of the P region, and it releases so much energy. The size of the Eg is determined by the material itself and is independent of the external electric field. The effect of the external power supply on the electrons is only to push it to do directional movement and overcome the role of the PN junction.

The heat production of LEDs has nothing to do with light efficiency; there is no electricity generated by a few percent of the electricity, and the remaining electrical power of a few percent produces a thermal relationship. Through the understanding of high-power LED heat generation, thermal resistance, junction temperature concept and theoretical formula derivation and thermal resistance measurement, we can study the actual package design, evaluation and product application of high-power LED. It should be noted that thermal management is a key issue at the current stage of low luminous efficiency of LED products. It is the bottom line to fundamentally improve the luminous efficiency to reduce the generation of thermal energy, which requires chip manufacturing, LED packaging and application product development. Advances in technology at all stages.