Small room acoustic processing is different from large event space. We hope to introduce the architectural acoustic knowledge of this multi-purpose theater into the acoustics of the small room home theater decoration, which is integrated with the multi-functional requirements of the multi-purpose theater. Large-scale stage plays, variety shows, operas, and concerts and conference functions. In order to ensure the fullness of the music during the concert, the reverberation time is required to be longer, and the reverberation time is generally required to be about 1.6 seconds. The sound quality requirements of large stage plays, variety shows, and operas are different from concerts, usually using a compromise method. That is, the value between the fullness of the music and the clear value of the lyrics, the reverberation time is generally about 1.4 seconds, which is mainly reflected in the conflicting requirements between the fullness of the singing and the band accompaniment and the clarity of the lyrics. For meetings, because the language is more important, the reverberation time is shorter, usually around 1.2 seconds.
In order to ensure satisfactory sound quality effects of the above various performances, from the perspective of architectural acoustics, it is necessary to adopt adjustable reverberation measures. The specific measures for adjustable reverberation in this theater are: after the pool and the building A wall-mounted wide-band sound-absorbing curtain is installed on the wall and the rear upper part of the two side walls, and a decorative wooden grille is arranged on the surface.
Meeting conditions: All the sound-absorbing curtains are in the down state (ie, sound absorption), and the intermediate frequency full-field reverberation time is controlled at about 1.2 seconds.
Large stage plays, variety shows, opera conditions: all the sound-absorbing curtains are in a stowed state (ie no sound absorption), and the intermediate frequency full-field reverberation time is controlled at about 1.4 seconds.
Concert performance conditions: all the sound-absorbing curtains of the stage set music reflection cover are in the stowed state (ie, no sound absorption), and the music reflector is set on the stage, and the intermediate frequency reverberation time is controlled in about 1.6 seconds.
In the acoustic decoration design of this auditorium, the medium and high frequency sound absorbing materials are mainly curtain air-type wide-frequency sound-absorbing curtains, while the low-frequency sound absorption is mainly by means of large ceilings, ceilings and side walls. Sound absorption from the resonance of the material and thickness of the plate.
In order to ensure that the reverberation time and frequency characteristics in the auditorium of the theater meet the expected requirements of the design, and obtain excellent sound quality, in addition to the more important innate role of the flat profile, the material selection of each interface in the auditorium The construction method and the sound absorption performance of the seat have a very close relationship. Here, from the perspective of Jiansheng design, the following suggestions are proposed for the materials, configuration and structure design of each part of the auditorium for consideration of interior decoration design. Welcome to China Home Theater Network!
1. Floor and walkway in the audience hall
The floor materials in the auditorium can be determined by architects and interior designers according to the decoration standards, cleaning requirements and economic factors. The acoustic design only requires the floor fabric to be a solid material. If the wooden floor is used, the keel gap must be filled. Avoid floor resonances to absorb low frequencies. It is recommended to lay a thin carpet in the walkway area of ​​the auditorium to prevent slipping and avoid walking noise.
2. Pool seat and wall behind the building
In the back wall of the auditorium, except for the door and the observation window, the adjustable sound-absorbing curtains are arranged, and the decorative wooden grille is arranged on the surface. 3. Rear wall observation window
The glass of the observation window of the building is tilted forward by 8 to 10 degrees to avoid echo.
4. Side wall
The rear upper part of the side wall surface is the same as the rear wall. The adjustable sound-absorbing curtain is provided with a decorative wooden grille on the surface.
The remaining side wall acoustics require the decoration material to be as thick and hard as possible, with multiple reflections and less absorption, in order to make full use of the sound energy. Therefore, the acoustic design suggests that this part of the wall is lining the two-layer wood fiber reinforced plasterboard. The method of decorating the surface layer of wood; or using GRG board (area density ≥ 30kg/m2), the surface can be made of paint or latex paint.
5. Former central large ceiling
This section of the ceiling will play an important role in the previous reflection, which will help strengthen the sound field intensity and improve the uniformity of the sound field. Therefore, the sound design needs to be as much as possible under the conditions of the roof load. Heavy reflective ceiling. It is recommended to use GRG (face density ≥ 30kg / m2) ceiling, the surface can be paint or latex paint.
6. Rear large ceiling and picking ceiling
The rear large ceiling and the small ceiling acoustics require a certain reflection effect on the medium and high frequency, and also a certain sound absorption effect on the low frequency. Therefore, the acoustic design suggests that a double layer 12 thick plasterboard or GRG (area density ≥) 25kg/m2) ceiling with surface coating or latex paint.
7. Pick up fence
The pick-up fence is the part of the hall that is easy to cause echo in the front area, and should be paid attention to in the architecture and interior design. It is recommended that the stage board of the theater be combined with the surface decoration to do some small-scale local diffusion treatment to facilitate the diffusion of sound waves without generating echoes. For the form of diffusion treatment, refer to the sidewall diffuser.
8. Stage wall
Since the stage consists of one main stage, two side stages and one rear stage, the space is relatively large, which greatly exceeds the volume of the theater auditorium. In order to avoid the adverse effects caused by the coupling space between the stage space and the auditorium space, the acoustic design requires that the reverberation time in the stage space should be substantially close to the reverberation time of the auditorium. Acoustic design requires sound absorption on the wall below the skybridge on the stage (including the main stage, side stage and rear stage). Suggested practices: fireproof, anti-collision sound-absorbing wood board (brush black water-based paint) +100 series light steel keel (cavity) + original stucco wall; or, perforated KT board (perforation rate P ≥ 20%, brush black The coating) is filled with 50 thick bagged centrifugal glass wool board (48kg/m3).
9. Sound gate
In order to prevent external noise from passing into the auditorium through the door, the doors that enter and exit the auditorium must use double-channel soundproof doors to form the sound gate. The sound insulation of each door should be ≥30dBA, and the inner wall of the sound lock should be sucked. Sound processing.
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